future

  If standard quantum theory holds up, imaginary numbers are critical. imaginary numbers  are necessary to accurately describe reality, two new studies have suggested. Imaginary numbers are what you get when you take the square root of a negative number, and they have long been used in the most important equations of quantum mechanics , the branch of physics that describes the world of the very small. When you add imaginary numbers and real numbers , the two form complex numbers, which enable physicists to write out quantum equations in simple terms. But whether quantum theory needs these mathematical chimeras or just uses them as convenient shortcuts has long been controversial.  In fact, even the founders of quantum mechanics themselves thought that the implications of having complex numbers in their equations was disquieting. In a letter to his friend Hendrik Lorentz, physicist Erwin Schrödinger — the first person to introduce complex numbers into quantum theory, with ...

  The new phase of matter could be used to design even better quantum computers. Scientists have spotted a long hypothesized, never-seen-before states of matter  in the laboratory for the first time. By firing lasers at an ultracold lattice of rubidium atoms  scientists have prodded the atoms into a messy soup of quantum uncertainty known as a quantum spin liquid.  The atoms in this quantum magnetic soup quickly became connected, linking up their states across the entire material in a process called quantum entanglement . This means that any change to one atom causes immediate changes in all of the others in the material; this breakthrough could pave the way for the development of even better quantum computers, the researchers said in a paper describing their findings Dec. 3 in the journal Science . "It is a very special moment in the field," senior author Mikhail Lukin, a professor of physics at Harvard University and the co-director of the Harvard Quantum...

  The   Mars Orbiter Mission   ( MOM ), also called   Mangalyaan   ("Mars-craft", from   mangala , "Mars" and   yāna , "craft, vehicle"),   is a  space probe    orbiting  Mars   since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the  Indian Space Research Organisation  (ISRO).   It is India's first interplanetary mission     and it made it the fourth  space agency    to achieve Mars orbit, after  Roscosmos  ,  Nasa , and the  European space agency    It made India the first Asian nation to reach Martian orbit and the first nation in the world to do so on its maiden attempt. The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted-off from the First launch  pad at Satish dhawan space center  (Sriharikota  Range SHAR), Andhra pradesh , using a Polar satellite launch vehicle  (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09:08 UTC on ...

  The  Parker Solar Probe  (abbreviated  PSP ; previously  Solar Probe ,  Solar Probe Plus  or  Solar Probe+ ) is a Nasa space probe  launched in 2018 with the mission of making observations of the outer corona  of the Sun. It will approach to within 9.86 solar radii (6.9 million km or 4.3 million miles) from the center of the Sun, and by 2025 will travel, at closest approach, as fast as 690,000 km/h (430,000 mph), or 0.064% the speed of light .  The project was announced in the fiscal 2009 budget year. The cost of the project is US$1.5 billion. John Hopkins University applied physics laboratory  designed and built the spacecraft, which was launched on 12 August 2018.It became the first NASA spacecraft named after a living person, honoring nonagenarian  physicist Eugene Newman parker , professor emeritus at the University of Chicago A memory ...

  The   Kardashev scale   is a method of measuring a  civilization ' s level of technological  advancement based on the amount of energy  it is able to use. The measure was proposed by   Soviet    astronomer   Nikolai    Kardashev    in 1964. The scale is hypothetical , and regards energy consumption on a cosmic  scale. Various extensions of the scale have since been proposed, including a wider range of power levels (types 0, IV through VI) and the use of metrics other than pure power. Categories  The Kardashev scale has three designated categories, these are: A  Type I civilization , also called a planetary civilization , can use and store all of the energy available on its planet.  A  Type II civilization , also called a stellar    civilization , can use and control energy at the scale of its planetary system. A  Type III ...

  Michio Kaku  (Japanese  :   カク ミチオ, 加来 道雄 ,   born January 24, 1947) is an American  theoretical physicist  ,  futurist  , and  popularizer  science  . He is a professor of theoretical physics    in the  City college of New York    and   CUNY graduate center  . Kaku is the author of several books about  physics  and related topics and has made frequent appearances on radio, television, and film. He is also a regular contributor to his own blog, as well as other popular media outlets. For his efforts to bridge science and science fiction, he is a 2021 Sir Arthur Clarke Lifetime Achievement Awardee. His books   physics of the impossible  (2008),  physics of the future   (2011),   The future of the mind  (2014), and The God equation :    The Quest for a theory of everything   (2021) became   New York time ...