1. National Aeronautics and space administration ( NASA) Formed : July 29 , 1958 Annual Budget : $ 22.6 billion The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. It is of great urgency and importance to our country both from consideration of our prestige as a nation as well as military necessity that this challenge [ sputnik ] be met by an energetic program of research and development for the conquest of space ... It is accordingly proposed that the scientific research be the responsibility of a national civilian agency ... NASA is capable, by rapid extension and expansion of its effort, of providing leadership in space technology ..... 2. China National Space administration (CNSA) Formed : 23 Apri...